Principles and trends in curriculum development Essay

Standards and patterns in educational plan advancement - Essay Example Kids normally express such inventiveness in their common correspondence. Their interchanges might be communicated in different structures or â€Å"languages†Ã¢â‚¬ in words, drawing, work of art, three-dimensional developments, music and development. Little youngsters don't communicate their thoughts in only one structure however move normally and effectively between â€Å"languages†. They may waver from drawing, talking, singing and moving (Fawcett and Hay, 2004). A progressively all encompassing point of view of discovering that in like manner involves imagination advancement is presently being bolstered by numerous instructors, as it strings isolated learning into an increasingly incorporated one. Littledyke (2008) has characterized incorporated educational program in that capacity: Integrated educational plan along these lines alludes to the utilization of a few unique techniques over a few distinct spaces and enveloping task and procedure approaches for comprehensiv e learning and improvement intended to help important learning for children† (pp. 21-22). Educational plan combination assists understudies with perceiving associations between educational program regions. These associations are basic to the mind so as to adapt adequately. Reconciliation changes the accentuation from the guidance of discrete scholarly subjects to exercises that advance learning through genuine errands. It mixes scholastic controls into incorporated point examines which bolster inventive reasoning and critical thinking, rather than repetition retention and instructor coordinated guidance of detached aptitudes and bits of data (Krogh, 1995). An incorporated educational program comprises of various systems that can be applied to extend seriousness and bolster reasonable turn of events (Bredekamp and Rosegrant, 1992). The activity to coordinate educational plan started when John Dewey (1938) recommended that educational plan be connected to genuine encounters and sorted out around exercises that intrigue and draw in youngsters effectively. Dewey declared that children’s premiums normally progress into suitable learning exercises and reach out to different territories of study. As inferred by the rules for fitting educational program, the idea of coordination can likewise be ascribed to the incorporated idea of advancement; that is, improvement in the various areas doesn't happen in confinement; rather they impact each other (Bredekamp and Rosegrant, 1992). A coordinated educational program permits the little youngster to see his general surroundings all the more obviously. Moreover, it gives chances to top to bottom investigation of a subject and discovering that has an exhaustive inclusion; more decisions and in this way more inspiration to learn and more prominent fulfillment with the outcomes; progressively dynamic learning; an open door for the educator to learn alongside the kids and model long lasting learning; and an increasing ly productive utilization of understudy and instructor time (Brewer, 2001). For the instructor, a coordinated educational program is a decent arranging gadget that offers a lot of adaptability. In the event that the kids lean toward another route other than what the educator had expected, the coordinated educational plan rapidly manages her with respect to how to incorporate it to a related idea so the progression of learning isn't upset. At one look, the incorporated educational plan shows the inclusion of what the youngsters realize in school. It advocates normal learning, as it follows children’s premiums and not force the ideas that they have to learn. It follows that the aptitudes they learn become important to them, as it grows from their own advantages. It additionally gets the chance to address

Qnt 351 Data Collection Essay Example

Qnt 351 Data Collection Essay The motivation behind the Learning Team task is familiarize groups with the exploration study embraced, reason for the examination, look into question, etc. The group task is to finished the first step in quite a while investigation in the accompanying structure: 1. Depict the issue, reason, look into questions, and speculations 2. Assess of the instrument utilized for information assortment 3. Portray and assess how the information was gathered 4. Code the information and assess the methodology utilized . Clean the information by dispensing with the information input mistakes made 6. Reach determinations about fittingness of information to meet the motivation behind the investigation Resources Required Data gathered from RES/351 University of Phoenix Material: Ballard Integrated Managed Services, Inc, Part 1. Reviewing Guide Content70 Percent| Points Available65| Points EarnedX/65| Additional Comments:| * All key components of the task are shrouded in a considerable manner. * Presen ts the picked circumstance as an overviewâ€problem, reason, investigate questions, and speculations. Portrays the instrument utilized for information assortment. * Describes how the information is gathered. * Describes how the information is coded and assesses the method utilized. * Cleans the information by wiping out the information input blunders made. * Draws decisions about suitability of the information to meet the motivation behind investigation. * Includes a 5-to 7-slide Microsoftâ ® PowerPoint ® presentation| | 62/65|  You have the entirety of the necessary data and the fundamental business issues/concerns are identified with turn over, high truancy, spirit, and discontent of the workforce. In a 5-7 slides introduction added to the last week’s introduction as a presentation review, what might the arrangement of slides be and what page title to each slide would you give? This ought to be the structure of the paper. The issue articulation needs a different slide and one heading ought to be committed to the issues and concerns. In rundown, you need a blueprint or chapter by chapter list and headings. Another basic reasoning issue is how might you have directed the overview to guarantee a higher level of reactions rather than 17%.? Association/Development15 Percent| Points Available15| Points Earned13/15| Additional Comments:| * The paper is close to 700 to 1,050 words long. * Paragraph changes are available, legitimate, and keep up the stream all through the paper. * The tone is proper to the substance and task. * Sentences are finished, clear, and succinct. * Sentences are very much developed, solid, and shifted. * Sentence changes are available and keep up the pro gression of thought. |  The paper is elegantly composed and sentences are clear. We will compose a custom paper test on Qnt 351 Data Collection explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Qnt 351 Data Collection explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Qnt 351 Data Collection explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer A decent structure with presentation (which you have) and decisions will make it an incredible paper. The progression of paper is influenced by absence of structure. | Mechanics 10 Percent| Points Available10| Points Earned8/10| Additional Comments:| * The paperâ€including tables and diagrams, headings, cover sheet, and reference pageâ€is steady with APA arranging rules and meets course-level necessities. * Intellectual property is perceived with in-content references and a reference page. * Rules of sentence structure, utilization, and accentuation are followed. * Spelling is right. |  Headings are missing and not reliable with APA rules. | Total Available| Total Earned| | 90| 83/90|  | Data Collection Ballard Integrated Managed Services (BIMS) is an across the nation administration organization that gives housekeeping and foodservice backing to establishments over the United States. One division oversaw by Barbara Tucker benefits the Douglas Medical Center and has been on e of the best areas. As of late this area has been encountering a higher pace of turnover causing worry among overseeing staff about its causes just as its potential arrangements. Since the greater part of these occupations are low-aptitude in nature, substitution of these workers has been simple; anyway it has realized an expanded expense, and uncovers a more profound issue inside organization spirit. To acquire the explanation for the brought down assurance, a ten-question study was led of existing representatives to comprehend organization qualities just as zones for required improvement. Representatives were posed inquiries, for example, do your appreciate working at BIMS, are you paid reasonably, does the board treat you well, and do you make the most of your doled out move (University of Phoenix Material, 2013) . As a 24-hour activity theory extend from representatives not working the occasions they need, to tending to worker pride in their work that joins reasonable treatment by administrative staff individuals and reasonable remuneration for administrations gave. Debbie Horner, the HR administrator answerable for this study felt the issue was gathered in representative inspiration and felt this was the territory that required most improvement. Potential answers for this are motivation rivalries, move changes, and change in administrative way to deal with singular needs to raise worker self-esteem and fulfillment. Both quantitative and subjective information was gathered from the review. Utilizing the quantitative information the Human Resource Manager Debbie Horner offered conversation starters that changed from the numbers one through five. One was the most noticeably awful evaluating and five was the best. Using this information the human asset director was empowered to increase an all the more clear point of view on how individuals felt about functioning for this association. She uses subjective information to find the sexual orientation of the members, what position they hold inside the organization and the time span that the individual has been utilized with the organization (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). The reason for existing is to acquire the general assessment of the members. The strategy for gathered information was through an overview that was reached out to 449 of the company’s representatives. The BIMS review incorporates ten inquiries that are explicit to the inquiries that are in index A. From that point, follows with five inquiries that will help isolate a portion of the socioeconomics of the appropriate responses from the initial ten inquiries. The factors and estimations that are being utilized are assisting with finding and distinguish why the worker confidence levels are so low. The primary arrangement of inquiries has an answer run from one through five. This is an ordinal degree of estimation. The numbers are utilized as levels of significance, as opposed to answers. This variable likewise can be estimated by this scale so the degree of estimation is ordinal. Various degrees of estimation need to utilize diverse factual methods (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). For questions A, C, and D the degree of estimation is ostensible. The request the inquiries are posed doesn't make a difference, and they qualify as subjective information. The inquiries pose for the representatives to portray and sort themselves as administrator, director, male, female and what office they work in. For question B the degree of estimation is proportion. The inquiry has a zero worth. The inquiry pose to what extent somebody has worked for BIMS. Since this inquiry can't deliver a negative answer, for the measure of time they have worked there the level utilized is proportion. The BIMS worker overview information is coded numerically on the ordinal, proportion, and ostensible levels. The information from Column one speaks to the 78 overview members who are numbered from one to 78. In segment two through 11 of the informational index speaks to study addresses one through 10. Every one of the members has been solicited to each respond to each from the inquiries with a one to five rating, one being certain and five being negative. The reactions from the review were recorded and put in lines and sections of the informational index. On the off chance that the review member didn't address an inquiry, a zero is recorded (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). Subsequent to evaluating the information, blunders have been found. There were sixes instead of the fives. Debbie Horner would include the information and rather than a five she was setting a six. The sixes must be changed. Be that as it may, Debbie didn't make a mistake in the coding of to what extent every worker has worked there; Debbie changed over the years into months. In this area the six was right and didn't should be remedied (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). The end that was made was with the all out staff approaching 452 laborers, there was just a 17. 3percent reaction rate. There were just 78 reactions out of 452. The spirit of the staff is low, and even with the worry the HR director appears in making the poll, the appropriate responses can't be decided by the reaction as a result of the low return rate given (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). In the event that there had been more workers sufficiently concerned to offer their input, at that point this study could be utilized in the exploration. Be that as it may, since relatively few took an interest, Team A feels this was uncertain. These answers are one-sided in light of the fact that solitary 7 individuals worked in Maintenance. There were 36 replied by Food representatives and 35 replied by Housekeeping. It is an unreasonable preferred position and insufficient individuals addressed the study (University of Phoenix Material, 2013). Decision Team An introduced the BIMS circumstance as an outline issue, reason, inquire about inquiries, and speculations. There was a depiction of the instrument utilized for information assortment for this paper. The paper recognized the quantitative and subjective information gathered and how the information was gathered. There was additionally ID fair and square of estimation for every one of the factors engaged with the examination. The paper gave depiction of how the information is coded and assessed the methodology utilized. Group A cleaned the information by taking out the information input blunders made.

An Online Utility Bill Payment System

An Online Utility Bill Payment System Conceptual With the developing number of individuals who are been expanding forced for time, online service charge installment has become an agile answer for the purchasers with occupied ways of life. Through online installment of service charges, buyers can spare time, bother and along these lines make their lives a lot simpler. Albeit online service charge installment has gotten one of the quickest developing patterns on the planet especially in the US, in the Sri Lanka nonetheless, the advancement of family units embracing to online service charge installments is somewhat sluggish. Hence, the essential goal of this investigation is to dissect the variables affecting the purchasers expectation to embrace a service charge installment framework in Sri Lanka close by with the auxiliary targets of distinguishing the mindfulness level on online bill installments frameworks, looking at the most favored service charge installment alternatives and models, and the level of acknowledgment of online service charge installment frameworks by the buyers lastly to break down the future possibility concerning on the web service charge installments. Subsequently a study was led among 50 doctors from four significant medical clinics in the Colombo city. As per the outcome got from this examination, it was uncovered that in spite of the fact that when all is said in done all the respondents were to some degree mindful about online service charge installment frameworks, the more youthful respondents gained a superior information about online service charge installments than respondents from more seasoned age classifications. Moreover, all the respondents emphatically responded and expressed that it is significant for all the service organizations to stamp their online nearness in this manner permit clients to lead online exchanges as it would be more accommodation. In addition, factors classified under apparent dangers and saw benefits were found to have an impressive power on the shoppers goal to embrace an online service charge installment framework. Different factors, for example, administrations and highlights offered by organi zations, people PC information and expertise, and use of credit and check cards were likewise distinguished and are talked about in this exploration. Catchphrases: Online service charge Payment framework; Credit card use; web based business; selection; User expectation. Section 1 Presentation Today the improvement of online business has prompted the deduction of different web based exercises. For example organizations can lead their business exercises at extremely inconvenient times, arriving at clients in all pieces of the world along these lines extend their client base without topographically being restricted. Though in clients viewpoint, web based business gives a stage on which they can without much of a stretch do the essential exchanges whenever it might suit them. Henceforth even the organizations which offer utility types of assistance are intensely altering their industry in this manner receiving web for internet business purposes (Buccigross, 2000). This permits clients to make their service charge installments legitimately through service organizations sites or through an outsider site, for example, banks, money related foundations and aggregators. Online service charge installment is the point at which the client makes their installment exchanges online for the utility administrations got from a specific organization. By taking care of utility tabs by means of on the web, buyers have the advantages of keeping away from swarms, lining, stopping issues, and cutting their voyaging expenses and time (Ramayah et al, 2005). Consequently buyers could basically get their service bills paid with only a tick of their mouse. In Sri Lanka, the installment arrangement of service bills is somewhat unique to the frameworks set up in different nations. The service charges as a rule show up by post in this way the shoppers must visit the installment office so as to settle the installments. As referenced before, this procedure is typically joined by lining, stopping issues, and constrained installment alternatives. For instance, the CEB NWS DB just acknowledges installments made with money or checks at their installment counters. These issues can be considered as a problem for individuals whose occupations are of furious and unpleasant nature. Numerous service organizations in Sri Lanka have recognized this difficult hence have actualized different kinds of installment frameworks so as to give their shoppers a more extensive decision with regards to their installments (allude reference section A). Online service charge installment is one of the tip top decisions of installment frameworks that have been executed in the contemporary world. Issue Statement What are the elements molding and impacting a people aim to receive an online service charge installment framework? Issue Justification There is an absence of understanding concerning what is truly occurring in the neighborhood setting with respect to the selection of new innovative administrations identified with the web. Consequently there are not really any looks into that have been completed so as to comprehend the purchasers see point with respect to online service charge installment frameworks that have been executed. Along these lines the information about shoppers conduct identified with this region of study is fundamental for service organizations and different sellers working in comparative organizations so as to evaluate the potential market accessible henceforth use the web as a device of chance for those organizations to develop and grow their market. The examination will likewise be basic for government service organizations (for example CEB) since they have not yet executed the administration of permitting the clients to take care of their utility tabs legitimately through the organizations sites. The data began from this examination will empower both the administration and private service organizations to recognize the importance of the elements affecting the shoppers goal to embrace online service charge installment frameworks therefore create procedures to additionally improve their business exercises. Destinations of the Study To decide mindfulness level about online service charge installment frameworks by buyers. To examine the variables impacting the customers expectation to receive an online service charge installment framework. To discover the most acknowledged online service charge installment alternatives and the favored bill installment modes by shoppers. To investigate the level of acknowledgment of an online service charge installment framework by purchasers. To analyze the looming future possibility of online service charge installment frameworks in Sri Lanka. Noteworthiness of the Study This investigation will predominantly encourage the service organizations and different merchants in Sri Lanka to recognize the elements affecting the purchasers aim to receive online service charge installment frameworks, for this situation doctors who are dwelling in Colombo, a profoundly gifted and an esteemed populace in the nation. In this manner by seeing such factors, organizations will have the option to dispose of the vulnerability levels and have a reasonable view about the potential market for online service charge installment in Sri Lanka. This investigation will additionally enable the service organizations to create upgraded techniques with respect to the installment alternatives that are being made accessible to their customers. Mindfulness about online service charge installment will permit purchasers to adjust to these new advances in this manner misuse the benefits of the web. The data and information that have been gathered in this examination will help the future scientists directing looks into identified with customers aim to receive online bill installment frameworks as a rule. Extent of the Study This examination was done to experimentally research the elements influencing the shoppers aim to embrace an online service charge installment framework. Nonetheless, the review test of the investigation comprised uniquely of doctors working in four (4) private medical clinics arranged inside the Colombo city limits. Moreover, the doctors were from different foundations hence to accomplish results that are increasingly reasonable and to more readily mean the individuals that take care of utility tabs, the example must be progressively differentiated as far as age and topographical area (He Mykytyn, 2007), ideally mortgage holders who are answerable for their separate family charge installments. Section 2 Writing Review Online Utility Bill Payment Online service charge installment is the point at which the customer makes his/her installments for the utility service(s) acquired with the utilization of the web. The kinds of utility administrations are delineated in the table underneath. Today, the shoppers pattern in making service charge installments is expanding especially in the created countries Brant (2008). In the Sri Lankan setting be that as it may, in spite of the fact that the nation outlines a consistent development regarding web use particularly from the clients in the urban regions (Sathrasinghe, 2004), this has not been accompanied by a comparative development in the quantity of purchasers making on the web service charge installments. Indeed as indicated by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (2008), the general exchanges made by customers over the web outlined a declining pattern. Online Utility Bill Payment Models Options There are different installment models and installment choices accessible to the clients with regards to covering on the web utility tabs dissimilar to in the conventional (or disconnected) technique for charge installment where the client is constrained to pay by either in real money, check, or electronic installment at a given installment community. There are two kinds of online service charge installment models, to be specific direct model and circuitous model. The accompanying table portray further subtleties on these two models. Backhanded Model (Third Party) Buyers pay any biller through an outsider site, for example, a bank or entryway, or by utilizing programming that connects with the payers bank (Flynn Bowes, 2005) Programmed Bill Settlement by American Express (American Express, 2010) HSBC Easy Bill Settlement for Utility Bills (Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, 2010) With the advancement of installment alternatives from bargain to product based, to cash and coin, to card-based and, all the more as of late, to electronic system based frameworks (Mantel, 2000), current purchasers have a more extensive decision with regards to covering their utility tabs through on the web. The table 3 beneath shows different

Insider Trading Law

Presentation Insider exchanging has shaken newsrooms of late. Probably the most well known occurrences that had genuine results on the organizations that were included incorporate Martha Stewart, WorldCom and Enron situations. The illicit type of insider exchanging is the exchanging that happens in a security showcase, following trade of material data, which isn't offered to the general public.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Insider Trading Law explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a consequences of its undue and dangerous nature â€Å"this exchanging is banned by the US Securities Exchange Commission SEC †this is especially in light of the fact that it will in general demolish the investors’ confidence† (Reh, 2012, p. 1). This paper looks to break down an article that includes an insider exchanging Tokyo, trailed by a basic examination of insider exchanging. Rundown of the article †JPMorgan Implicated in Japan’s Insider Trading Probe This CNBC article shows how JPMorgan was up to speed in Japan’s Insider Trading Probe. In this dramatization, a few insiders had schemed to assist Nippon With sheeting Glass get a few offers in 2010. It was affirmed that the material data was spilled to Asuka Asset Management Fund by a sales rep from JPMorgan. This insider exchanging has become the request for the day in the Tokyo protections showcase. Incredibly, the punishment forced by the Japanese securities exchange controllers is unimportant and may not bar a rehash of the bad habit. In that capacity, it was likely that JP Morgan would pull off it, as the punishment that could have been forced is immaterial. One of Asuka’s support administrators was said to have been engaged with the insider exchanging, and he was calmed from his obligations, however it was not satisfactory whether he was terminated. Examinations uncovered that Asuka had profited by the hole, something that had not been res earched well by the bank. This left inquiries on whether the entire association was included, or it was just JP Morgan. Daiwa separated themselves from any fault by expressing that there was no tenable demonstrate that they were engaged with any illicit conduct. This occurrence and numerous others, which are like this have prompted an analysis of the Japanese regulator’s crackdown, which is viewed as terribly disgraceful as it doesn't include intense authorizes in significant markets. Basic examination of insider exchanging An insider is a gathering that is conscious of basic data with respect to a substance, which affects the cost of its stock, or which can have some effect on the investors’ choices. For the situation broke down above, it was claimed that a JPMorgan sales rep was answerable for spillage of materials data, which was not made accessible to the general population. This JPMorgan sales rep is the insider for this situation, and the data he spilled was mate rial, since it impacted the choice of the speculators, in front of a $505 million offer offer.Advertising Looking for article on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is clear that the company’s officials who are associated with such an arrangement, including share representatives approach material data. The JPMorgan top deals administrators, for instance, knew the plans of the offer. Besides, an administrative official who gets ready data to be distributed in the press, or the bookkeeper who embraces deals gauges investigation can also be viewed as insiders. To forestall unlawful going of material data, there ought to be an approach to control the quantity of individuals who can get to material data because of its affectability. There are scores of reasons why this ought to be finished. To start with, there is the conspicuous explanation of constraining the chance of certain individuals reve aling data, which is material. The subsequent explanation is that the insiders ought to be constrained on the time they can exchange on the entity’s stock †which can be the center of months. As prove on account of JPMorgan, the top sales reps are additionally insiders who are conscious of basic data. The individuals who are occupied with advertising, for instance, by getting ready open affirmations are insiders whose capacity to release material data ought to be controlled. As an insider has been characterized over, the individuals associated with RD, during the presentation of another item in the market are likewise insiders, who can release material data. In conclusion, different gatherings who are insiders incorporates financiers, legitimate agents and different organizations that could be approaching some basic data of the organization, during release of their obligations. This law has viably gotten even an individual who is anything but a senior individual from the administration. For instance, if the ranking director of a substance uncovers, to a normal individual, that its best desire for a stage forward item won't be endorsed by the administrative body; at that point it implies that that individual is in all regards an insider, much the same as a ranking director undoubtedly. The pith here is that such an individual ought not be permitted to exchange with politeness of that data before the overall population gets aware of it. Thus, such individuals are viewed as â€Å"temporary insiders†, and along these lines, can't engage in exchanging to exploit such data, without being blamed for overstepping the law. The Security Exchange Act of 1934, area 10(b) and 14(e) accord the SEC the forces to acquire a court request to constrain the accessories to restore the benefits they have gotten from such an arrangement. Moreover, SEC can request that the court power the organization to take care of an extremely overwhelming punishment, which is re lative to the measure of benefits acknowledged from the illicit exchanging. Close by these money related fines are criminal fines.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Insider Trading Law explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Just like the Japanese regulator’s crackdown that has been talked about above which is by all accounts horribly inadequate, I think these fines are not satisfactory, and ought to be made fundamentally progressively serious. I emphatically bolster a United States charge, which will make the individuals who are blamed for insider exchanging responsible for submitting a lawful offense that prompts detainment for a period at least 10 years. End In perspective on this conversation, it has been discovered that insider exchanging is a retrogressive action that adds up to duping of investors, and which ought to be deserving of the hardest terms conceivable. The illicit type of insider exchanging is the exchanging that happens in a security showcase, following trade of material data, which isn't offered to the overall population. The solid analysis of the Japanese regulator’s crackdown is a reminder. It shows that this issue isn't taken with the reality it merits, by the administrative bodies, which are endowed to diminish the insider business. It ought to be to the greatest advantage of organizations to keep away from insider exchanging so they are not examination by the administrative bodies †this is especially in light of the fact that, significantly subsequent to being freed from any wrong doing, such an examination can have an enduring harm on the company’s notoriety. Reference Reh, F.J. (2012). Insider Trading. Recovered from https://www.thebalancecareers.com/insider-exchanging 2275117 This paper on Insider Trading Law was composed and put together by client Kristen W. to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

The 2015-16 Supplemental Admissions Essays Are Out!

The 2015-16 Supplemental Admissions Essays Are Out! The Supplemental Admissions Essays Are Out, U Chicago Says, Write Whatever You Want The Supplemental Admissions Essays Are Out, U Chicago Says, Write Whatever You Want The race to 2015-16 college admissions has begun and (to mix our metaphors) this week has already seen a flurry of colleges release their essay prompts for the coming year. ICYMI: UVa, UNC Chapel Hill, University of Michigan, and Georgia Tech have all posted their prompts, and we can all expect this onslaught to continue in the coming weeks. As colleges across the country persist with classic prompts, asking students to respond to quotes, describe their influences, and otherwise explain how they would fit into their future campus communities, The University of Chicago continues on its quest for Lady-Gaga-esque originality with this year’s batch of “Uncommon Application” Extended Essay Questions. These unconventional gems of college admissions lore are known to push students to their creative limits. While the English nerds may jump for joy and the future engineers quake in their boots, we’d like to draw everyone’s attention to the last two prompts: Essay Option 6. In the spirit of adventurous inquiry, pose a question of your own. If your prompt is original and thoughtful, then you should have little trouble writing a great essay. Draw on your best qualities as a writer, thinker, visionary, social critic, sage, citizen of the world, or future citizen of the University of Chicago; take a little risk, and have fun. Essay Option 7. In the spirit of historically adventurous inquiry, to celebrate the University of Chicago’s 125th anniversary, please feel free to select from any of our past essay questions. In other words: write whatever you want! For those who blanched at the thought of exposing their personal paradoxes (Option 2) or got tangled up in puns trying to come up with their own “Babe Ruth Bader Ginsburg” (Option 3), there is a way out. This liberation from prompts can be daunting in its own way, though. So we are here to remind you that brainstorming is your friend. Taking some time to search your memory, freewrite, or even just play can help you provide a fresh response to a classic prompt, navigate an uncommon prompt, or even choose your own adventure. At the end of the day, you should always be writing about whatever you want. About Thea HogarthView all posts by Thea Hogarth »

The compatibility of an established church system - Free Essay Example

Introduction This essay will look to analyse the compatibility of an established church system alongside democracy in the 21st Century. Oliva notes that the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“whole debate about establishment has concentrated on the English situationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [1] and the position and role of religious figures and bodies such as bishops and the Church of England (CofE) will form the basis of analysis for this essay. In order to assess this, the definitions and traits of an established church system will be explored first. Establishment The question arises as to what exactly a church establishment is. Establishment is a point of contention within the legal framework as there is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“there is no single definition of establishmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[2] However, commentators and the judiciary alike have attempted to define establishment. Firstly, Ogilvie notes that an established church à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“is recognised by the State as the truest expression of the Christian faithà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [3] which the state has a legal duty to protect.[4] This definition reflects the unique position of an established church in a state due to the importance and the acceptance of the church by the state. Furthermore, for the Australian judiciary, establishment has at least four definitions[5] and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the most commonly used definitionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [6] concerns conferring the status of a state church on a religious body.[7] In the United Kingdom (UK), there are two churches established by law; the CofE and the Church of Scotland (CofS).[8] The CofE possesses à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“certain important links with the stateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [9] yet is not regarded as a department of state as the Church has its own religious objectives which are not the same objectives of the government.[10] However, such a statement is debateable considering the presence of bishops in the House of Lords (HOL). Furthermore, establishment is further split into two types in England; high establishment and low establishment.[11] High establishment is concerned with the presence of religious figures in the constitution[12] and low establishment is concerned with the presence of the CofE in the everyday lives of ordinary citizens.[13] With this distinction in mind, the prevalence of the CofE and state churches within a democracy will be discussed in order to assess their compatibility. The CofE This section will consider the role of the CofE in the terms of high establishment[14]and assess whether it h as relevance in modern democracy. The CofE has been described as being à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“autonomousà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [15] and this raises the question in regards to its current day relationship with the state and society in general. It has also been described as having once been à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“an equal partner with the stateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [16] but its present place within the constitution has been called into question.[17] Based on the above, there seems to be valid calls for the disestablishment of a CofE due to its declining relevance and subsequent low impact on society. The reasoning behind this thought is due to the changing religious demographic of the British public and the decline in active membership of the CofE.[18] It has been noted that there are roughly one million Muslims in the UK[19] alongside à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“substantial Hindu and Sikhà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [20] populations. In modern democracy, where voters now profess to religions other than Christianity more so than eve r before, should the CofE still hold a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“privileged positionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ?[21] It would be suitable to look at the statements of the leaders of other religious denominations in order to assess this question. It has been noted that the Muslims would like the church to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“act as the advocate for all belief systemsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [22] whilst the Sikhsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ are happy with the establishment so long as the church act with tolerance in regards to other faiths[23] and the Jewish community also have a similar opinion.[24] It can therefore be submitted that the CofE represents a religious symbol for all faiths regardless of the fact that it is a Protestant Christian Church. The statements provided above further highlight this thought and the CofE can be said to provide a safeguard for all faiths in the public arena. Certain commentators have stated that the established church system is derived from à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“seventeen century experiencesà ¢Ã¢ ‚ ¬Ã‚ [25] and has à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“long wornà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [26] out; however, the evidence provided above reflects its relevance in the 21st Century through the importance other religions attach to the establishment. The disestablishment of the church may not only result in outrage from Protestant Christians; there may also be a backlash from other religious groups and this indeed demonstrates the compatibleness of a church system alongside the modern democracy. However, although the CofE has been discussed in terms of a religious symbol; we must also consider the functions of the church and the roles certain individuals have. The Monarch It is the monarchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s relationship with the CofE which reflects one aspect of the relationship between the church and the state due to the powers she holds in relation to the CofE and her status as the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“supreme governor of the churchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[27] These powers will now be discussed in order to analyse whether the state and the CofE are compatible alongside each other. The monarch possesses certain powers in relation to the CofE. Her powers include the appointment of diocesan bishops[28], suffragan[29] bishops and to assent church legislation. The issues of the bishops will be discussed further on; the point of focus here is that relationship between the monarch and the CofE. The most contentious point here is the position of the monarch being the supreme governor of the CofE. The specific issue of contention is regarding the fact that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“only an Anglican monarch could be the supreme governor of the CofEà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ;[30] thus denying the thought of having a non-Anglican monarch. This controversial point has been discussed by Brazier who feels that it shouldnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t be an issue at this present moment due to practical reasons.[31] He cites the reality that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“any foreseeable future supreme governor is likely to be an Anglicanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[32] Whilst this point is highly accurate, the position of the monarch must be assessed light of its compatibility with democracy; it is here where the issue is relevant. Oliva is particularly critical of the aforementioned notion due to the laws being of an anti-catholic nature. He is of the opinion that these anti-catholic vestiges suggest that the maintenance of the monarch is dependent on such vestiges.[33] In relation to democracy, due to the current composition of different religions within society, it can be submitted that the position of the monarch as the supreme governor of the CofE is not compatible with a democracy. Certain sections of society, especially Roman Catholics, may find her position as offensive due to her advocating Protestant Christianity as the true religion and the indirect denouncement of Catholicism. It can therefore be submitted that due to the reasons outlined, the laws which govern the monarchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s position are outdated and are res tricted to the society in which they were passed. In todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s society, this position is not as relevant due to the change in religious demographic. The Fabian Commission[34] report may be a way to rectify this issue and the removal of her as the head of the CofE would not amount to total disestablishment of the church but would help her to be seen as embracing all faiths as opposed to one; an important concept in todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s multi-cultural society. Bishops The presence of bishops in the HOL has become more controversial as society has diversified. The diocesan bishops of the CofE are eligible to sit in the HOL as Lord Spiritual[35] and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“only the CofE has guaranteed institutional representation in the lordsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [36]; a huge benefit for the CofE. As mentioned above, it is the monarch who appoints bishops of the CofE and historically, the Prime Minister (PM) had a more prominent role in relation to the advice offered to the mo narch. The current position sees the PM takes a lesser role as a result of the Governments statement in 2007; the Crown Appointments Commission now sends only one name to the PM and he conveys this to the Queen.[37] The UK is the only legislature in the European Union with such an arrangement and this has been described as being à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“uniqueà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . [38]The suitability of the presence of the bishops in the HOL will now be discussed. The issue of their presence has been discussed at length due to the change of religious compositions residing in Britain; a point which can be found in the governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s white paper in 1998.[39] The Wakeham report then sought to offer solutions to these criticisms such as the appointment of people from other faith groups[40] but the government did not accept their proposals.[41] Further reports on reforming the HOL have also considered the bishopsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ presence in the HOL[42] and Oliva feels that there wi ll be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“no room for bishopsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [43] in a wholly-elected house. Most of the criticisms are centred upon the suitability of having members from one religion denomination in the HOL, however, we must also consider the benefits of the bishopsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ presence and weigh them against the criticisms. It has been noted that the bishops à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“possess a wide range of experienceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [44] and they possess a unique skill in being able to provide a balanced view due to their interactions with public institutions and ordinary citizens.[45] This is a skill which must not be underestimated; the knowledge and balanced views that they provide in the HOL is invaluable to society. Their opinions will be formed to provide a medium between the needs of society and the aspirations of politicians. This, in theory, provides a voice in the HOL for the members of society as the bishops can represent their views; the removal of the bishops would take awa y such benefits and it can be submitted that this would be detrimental to society. Furthermore, the concept of having multi-faith representation in the HOL by reducing the number of bishops is, in theory, a brilliant concept which would represent the diverse nature of society. However, the practical aspect of achieving this has been called into question.[46] How would we know which religious representatives to choose from? There would be every chance that at least one religion would be overlooked and this would open the door to more controversy and may even lead to claims of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“discriminationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[47] There may also be sectarian differences within religions; for example should there be a Sunni or a Shia Muslim, a Catholic or Protestant Christian? How would each sect react if the other is represented and they are not? Having one religious representation in the HOL rather than having all representations apart from one is more desirable. Furthermore, Smith also envisages dispute arising in the HOL due to different representations disagreeing with each other and some representations not conforming to the liberal traditions of the UK in matters such as divorce.[48] Such scenarios would be detrimental to the HOL. Furthermore, in a fascinating interview with bishops conducted by Harlow, bishops themselves said that they see themselves as being able to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“represent faiths generally, not just the Church of Englandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[49] It can therefore be submitted that the situation would be complicated by appointing individuals from different faiths and this proposal is not feasible in reality. Due to the reasons outlined, it is evident that the bishopsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ presence in the HOL is perfectly compatible with democracy due to the benefits associated with them and the weak nature of the reforms proposed. Other Systems The establishment systems in other countries will briefly be discussed. In Scotland, the position of the CofS as an established church has à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“been subject to debateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[50] It has a different relationship with the state than the CofE as the monarch is not the supreme governor of the church, members have no right to sit in the HOL and legislation of the church does not require acknowledgement from the crown.[51] However, this is not to say that the CofS has no links whatsoever with the state. There are statutory oaths of respect for Presbyterianism[52] and the monarch is a special guest at the General Assesmbly.[53] The Scottish model represents an alternative to the current English model and may even be the way forward for England.[54] In modern democracy, the CofS is compatible as it is not strictly established in the English sense, therefore avoiding the controversies surrounding the CofE. This model supports the theory that a church establishment is not essential for a country and may even be preferred. However, that is not to say that establishment i s no longer compatible. There are several European Union (EU) countries which have a system similar to Englandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s. The Danish church is an example of this[55], as are the Greek and Finland models.[56] This highlights the point that it is not only England which has an established church system which some feel is outdated. On the contrary, other countries in the EU have the same approach and feel it is still compatible in modern times. Low Establishment The presence of the CofE in the terms of low establishment also benefits society immensely. The requirement of having a chaplain in every prison in England[57] could have a massive impact on the rehabilitation of inmates which is one of the aims of sentencing.[58] Religion also has a place in the education system of the UK through the compulsory teaching of religious education.[59] This will be beneficial to children as they can study the different religions which are represented in our multicultural society th us embracing diversity and they may even choose to follow one. Furthermore, if children have the right to study other compulsory subjects such as Maths, English and Science, should they also not have the right to study religious education? Disestablishment of the church could also lead to the abolishment of this requirement and could even constitute a breach of human rights.[60] Furthermore, without a church system, there could also be a minute possibility that Christmas would not be a national public holiday as it is a Christian festival. Surely, even Atheists would not be happy with such a scenario and there will be a national outcry. Conclusion This essay has focused mainly on Englandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s established church model as it is the country we reside in, therefore, it can be submitted that Englandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s model would be the most suitable country to analyse an established church system alongside democracy. As documented above, England highlights that an established church system is compatible alongside democracy in the 21st century even though the religious composition of society has drastically changed; the church systems utilised by other EU countries further reinforces this point. That is not to say that every aspect of the church system is perfect; the monarchsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ role in relation to the CofE needs to be reconsidered[61] due to the reasons outlined above. However, the position of the CofE as a symbol of religion in the public eye for all faiths also demonstrates the compatibleness of a church system with democracy and minimises the need for change. Furthermore, the benefits of bishopsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ presence in the HOL justify maintaining their position. It can therefore be submitted that an established church system is compatible with 21st century democracy as demonstrated by the English model. Bibliography Primary Sources Cases AG (Victoria) ex rel Black v Commonwealth (1981) 146 C.L.R. 559 at 595-7 (H Ct Australia) Aston Cantlow and Wilmcote with Billesley Parochial Church Council v Wallbank [2004] 1 AC 456 Legislation Accession Declaration Act 1910 Act of Supremacy 1559 Appointment of Bishops Act 1534 Human Rights Act 1998 Schedule 1 Part 1 Article 9 Suffragan Bishops Act 1534 Secondary Sources Articles Brazier R, Legislating about the monarchy [2007] CLJ Carr W, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A Developing Establishmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [1999] Theology Cranmer F, Church StateÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °relations in the United Kingdom: a Westminster view [2001] ELJ Morris B, The future of church establishment [2010] ELJ Morris B, The future of high establishment [2011] ELJ Ogilvie M H, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“What is a Church by Law Established?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [1990] XXVIII OHLJ Oliva J G, Church,ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °state and establishment in the United Kingdom in the 21st century: anachronism or idiosyncrasy? [2010] PL Smith C, The place of representatives of religion in the reformed second chamber [2003] PL Harlow A, Cranmer F Doe N, Bishops in the House of Lords: a critical analysis [2008] PL Books Rosser-Owen D, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A Muslim Perspectiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , in Modood (ed.), Church, State and Religious Minorities, 1997 Singh R, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A Sikh Perspectiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , in Modood (ed.), Church, State and Religious Minorities Fabian Society, The Future of the Monarchy (Fabian Society, London, 2003) The Constitution Unit, Comparative Study of Second Chambers (University College London, London: University College 2002) Websites Sentencing Council, Sentencing basics (Sentencing Council) https://sentencingcouncil.judiciary.gov.uk/sentencing/sentencing-basics.htm last accessed 25/03/2014 Word Count (Excluding Footnotes and Bibliography): 2500 [1] Javier Garcia Oliva, Church,ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °state and establishment in the United Kingdom in the 21st century: ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °anachronism or idiosyncrasy? [2010] PL [2] Oliva (n1) [3] M. H. Ogilvie, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“What is a Church by Law Established?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [1990] XXVIII OHLJ [4] Ogilvie (n3) [5] AG (Victoria) ex rel Black v Commonwealth (1981) 146 C.L.R. 559 at 595-7 (H Ct Australia) per Gibbs J [6] Oliva (n1) [7] AG (Victoria) ex rel Black v Commonwealth (n5) [8] Frank ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °Cranmer, Church ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °State ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °relations in the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °United ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °Kingdom: a ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °Westminster ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °view [2001] ELJ [9] Aston Cantlow and Wilmcote with Billesley Parochial Church Council v Wallbank [20 04] 1 AC 456 per Lord Rodger [10] Aston Cantlow and Wilmcote with Billesley Parochial Church Council v Wallbank per Lord Rodger (n9) [11] W. Carr, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A Developing Establishmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [1999] Theology [12] Oliva (n1) [13] Oliva (n1) [14] Carr (n11) [15] Bob Morris, The future of high establishment [2011] ELJ [16] Morris (n15) [17] Morris (n15) [18] Cranmer (n8) [19] Cranmer (n8) [20] Cranmer (n8) [21] Cranmer (n8) [22] D. Rosser-Owen, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A Muslim Perspectiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , in Modood (ed.), Church, ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °State and Religious Minorities, 1997, pp.86-87 [23] R. Singh, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A Sikh Perspectiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , in Modood (ed.), Church, ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °State and Religious Minorities, p.67 [24] Oliva (n1) [25] Bob Morris, The future of church ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °establishment [2010] ELJ [26] Morris (n25) [27] Act of Supremac y 1559 [28] Appointment of Bishops Act 1534 [29] Suffragan Bishops Act 1534 [30] Rodney Brazier, Legislating about the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °monarchy [2007] CLJ [31] Brazier (n30) [32] Brazier (n30) [33] Oliva (n1) [34] Fabian Society, The Future of the Monarchy (Fabian Society, London, 2003) [35] The Constitution Unit , Comparative Study of Second Chambers (University College London , London: University College 2002) 35 [36] A.Harlow, F.Cranmer N.Doe, Bishops in the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °House of ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °Lords: a ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °critical ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °analysis [2008] PL [37] Oliva (n1) [38] Oliva (n1) [39] Harlow, Cranmer Doe (n36) [40] C Smith, The place of ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °representatives of ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °religion in the ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °reformed ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °second ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °chamber [2003] PL [41] Oliva (n1) [42] Oliva (n1) [43] Oliva (n1) [44] C Smith (n40) [45] C Smith (n40) [46] C Smith (n40) [47] C Smith (n40) [48] C Smith (n40) [49] Harlow Cranmer Doe (n36) [50] Oliva (n1) [51] Oliva (n1) [52] Accession Declaration Act 1910 [53] Oliva (n1) [54] Oliva (n1) [55] Oliva (n1) [56] Oliva (n1) [57] Oliva (n1) [58] Sentencing Council , Sentencing basics (Sentencing Council ) https://sentencingcouncil.judiciary.gov.uk/sentencing/sentencing-basics.htm last accessed 25/03/2014 [59] Oliva (n1) [60] Human Rights Act 1998 Schedule 1 Part 1 Article 9 [61] Oliva (n1)

The Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath - 1338 Words

Summer Reading Julie Simison R7 8-12-15 The book The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath follows a girl named Esther Greenwood. She is in college and she goes to New York on an internship. The only problem is she doesn’t feel like she is going anywhere in her life. She is worried about what she going to do after college and on the last night in New York she decides to go on a blind date with a man who ends up trying to rape her. Later her boyfriend, Billy Willard, decides that when he gets better from tuberculosis that he wants to marry Esther. The only problem with that is he cheated on her while they were dating and she felt like she couldn’t marry him. Esther becomes very depressed and she wakes up in a hospital after surviving a suicide attempt. After that she gets admitted to a mental hospital and then gets moved to a private hospital and starts to get better. The author starts here, because this is where the internship for the magazine starts. This is also when she starts to feel numb and feels that something is wrong with her. This is the very beginning of her journey with this feeling of nothing. The author wants us to go through the experience of thinking something is wrong and that she doesn’t feel anything with her. She wants us to feel that realization with her and wants us to actually realize that feeling of nothing; of feeling numb and not having any emotion at anything at all. Besides being sad. She introduces one of the only people she really connects withShow MoreRelatedThe Bell Jar, by Sylvia Plath1318 Words   |  6 Pageswe live. Many authors who seek this understanding fall short of their expectations and find themselves questioning life to an even greater extent than they had prior to their endeavors. One example of this would be author and poet Sylvia Plath, whose novel The Bell Jar parallels the tragic events that occurred throughout her own life. This coming-of-age story follows the life of Esther, a very bright and introverted student from Boston. She spends a month in New York City as a contest-winning juniorRead MoreThe Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1211 Words   |  5 PagesOn January 14th of 1963, Sylvia Plath had finally completed The Bell Jar after approximately two years of writing. This novel could have been considered a partial autobiography, because the main character Esther Greenwood eerily represents Sylvia Plath. There are a number of references to Plath’s real life throughout the book, too many for it to be considered a mere coincidence. Within the story, Esther Greenwood considers and attempts suicide quite frequently. Could this novel have been foreshadowingRead MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath Essay1438 Words   |  6 Pagesthe novel been translated into nearly a dozen different languages, but it is also the only novel under the American writer and poet Sylvia Plath. She wrote this novel to resemble her life whenever she was dealing with mental illness. It was published in 1967 and was not published in the United States until 1971. After the first publication in the United Kingdom, Plath committed suicide in a very tragic way.   Even though this novel can be viewed as â€Å"dark†, many english classes read this world wideRead MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath1099 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bell Jar by: Sylvia Plath Depression is a serious topic throughout the world, especially in America. Depression can result in someone feeling completely alone. There is no direct cause for depression in adolescents, but it can be brought on by the maturing process, stress from failure in some sort, a traumatic or disturbing event such as death, or even a break up. Sure, everyone has an off day here and there, where they feel like they shouldn’t even bother getting out bed in the morning, butRead MoreThe Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1211 Words   |  5 PagesSylvia Plath Research Paper Title The Bell Jar place[s] [the] turbulent months[of an adolescent’s life] in[to] mature perspective (Hall, 30). In The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath uses parallelism, stream of consciousness, the motif of renewal and rebirth, symbolism of the boundary-driven entrapped mentally ill, and auto-biographical details to epitomize the mental downfall of protagonist, Esther Greenwood. Plath also explores the idea of how grave these timeless and poignant issues can affect a fragileRead More The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1820 Words   |  7 PagesIdentity is fragile and is a characteristic that every person must discover without hiding behind inexperience’s and excluding themselves from the outside world of reality or else their own personal bell jar will suffocate them alive. The Bell Jar, a semi-autobiographical novel written by Sylvia Plath portrays how a young woman with too many identities and unrealistic expectations overwhelms herself to the point that she contemplates and attempts su icide multiple times. Esther Greenwood, a young collegeRead MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath942 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment of her relationship with many characters in the novel, The Bell Jar. Esther is mentally and emotionally different than a majority of the people in her community. As a result of this state, she often has difficulty taking criticism to heart. Her depression continues to build throughout the novel as she remains in the asylum. It does not help that she has no aid from her loved ones. In the novel, The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath utilizes the relationships that Esther shares with Buddy Willard MrsRead MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath1274 Words   |  6 Pagesnovel The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath the prime character, Esther Greenwood, struggles to handle life in her own skin. She feels as though she is trapped in a glass bell jar with no escape because of her incapability to comprehend herself. For example, in chapter one Plath states, â€Å"‘My name s Elly H igginbottom,’ I said. ‘I come from Chicago.’ After that I felt safer. I didn t want anything I said or did that night to be associated with me and my real name and coming from Boston† (Plath 11). In thisRead MoreThe Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1554 Words   |  6 Pagestrials and triumphs in their personal life, their relationships with others and their surroundings. In the Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath explores the role of women in society in 1950s New York City through her relationships and interactions. Esther Greenwood is the major character and is therefore central to the novel. The book is considered to be a â€Å"roman a` clef† portraying the painful summer of Sylvia Plath’s psychotic breakdown in 1953, and contains â€Å"thinly disguised portraits of her family and friends†Read MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath1940 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the definition of the word â€Å"bell jar† is, †Å"a bell-shaped usually glass vessel designed to contain objects or preserve gases and or a vacuum†. Sylvia Plath’s title, The Bell Jar, symbolically represents her feeling towards the seclusion and inferiority women endured trapped by societes glass vessel during the 1950’s. The Bell Jar, follows the life of Esther Greenwood, the protagonist and narrator of the story, during her desperate attempt to become a woman